Minipúblicos, oportunidades y desafíos. Los casos de Bélgica e Irlanda

Álvaro Romero Algora

doi:10.31921/doxacom.n37a1768

Authors

Álvaro Romero Algora University of Sevilla, Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31921/doxacom.n37a1768

Keywords:

Democracy, deliberation, political participation, democratic reform

Abstract

In recent years, both public institutions and sectors of civil society have used so-called “mini-publics” to combat citizens’ growing apathy towards politics. This paper analyses and explores the opportunities and challenges presented by this way of understanding citizen participation, in which ICT has played a major role. Two specific experiences have been compared: the G1000 in Belgium and the Citizens’ Assemblies in Ireland. Even though the political implementation of the consensual conclusions after the deliberative process ultimately depends on a specific commitment on the part of public institutions, these experiments are helping to introduce new ways of conceiving democratic legitimacy in political discourse.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Global Statistics

1312 Views	1691 Downloads
3003 Total

Downloads by format:

PDF (Spanish) 886 PDF 419 EPUB (Spanish) 143 EPUB 132 HTML (Spanish) 57 HTML 54

Author Biography

Álvaro Romero Algora, University of Sevilla, Spain

PhD in Contemporary History from the Universidad de Sevilla. His doctoral thesis considered the processes of democratic renewal in contemporary western societies, the role of social movements and the influence of public institutions. A History graduate from the Universidad de Sevilla, he has a Master’s in Advanced Historical Studies from the Universidad de Sevilla and in Democratic Leadership and Political Communication from the Complutense University of Madrid.

References

Bächtiger, Andre et al. (ed) (2018). The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy. OUP Oxford.

Böker, Marit (2017). Justification, Critique and Deliberative Legitimacy: The Limits of Mini-Publics. Contemporary Political Theory, 16, 19–40. https://doi.org/10.1057/cpt.2016.11

Camarelles, G. (2021). El sorteo como herramienta de innovación democrática: el potencial de los minipúblicos deliberativos. Revista Española de Ciencia Política, 56, 145-169. https://doi.org/10.21308/recp.56.06

Candón-Mena, J. (2018). La aportación de los movimientos sociales y el uso de las TIC en los debates sobre democracia radical y deliberativa. En: M.J. Pérez Serrano, G. Alcolea-Díaz, A.I. Nogales Bocio (Ed.). Poder y medios en las sociedades del siglo XXI (pp. 177-195). Egregius. https://hdl.handle.net/11441/81055

Candón-Mena, José y Montero-Sánchez, David (2021). From Cyber-Activism to Technopolitics: A Critical Take on Historical Periods and Orientations in the Use of Digital Technology by Social Movements. International Journal of Communication, 15, 2921-2941. https://hdl.handle.net/11441/114962

Caluwaerts, D., y Reuchamps, M. (2014a). Deliberative stress in linguistically divided Belgium. En: Ugarriza, J. y Caluwaerts, D. (Eds.). Democratic Deliberation in Deeply Divided Societies. From Conflict to Common Ground (pp. 35-52). Palgrave Macmillan.

Caluwaerts, D., y Reuchamps, M. (2014b). Strengthening democracy through bottom-up deliberation: An assessment of the internal legitimacy of the G1000 project. Acta Politica, 50 (2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1057/ap.2014.2

Carolan, Eoin (2015). Ireland’s Constitutional Convention: Behind the hype about citizen-led constitutional change. International Journal of Constitutional Law, 13 (3), 733–748. https://doi.org/10.1093/icon/mov044

Chambers, S. y Gastil, J. (2021). Deliberation, Democracy, and the Digital Landscape. Political Studies, 69 (1), 3-6. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321719901123

Constitutional Convention (2014). Ninth Report of the Convention on the Constitution: conclusions and final recommendations. https://acortar.link/KFN79L

Courant, Dimitri (2021). Citizens' Assemblies for Referendums and Constitutional Reforms: Is There an “Irish Model” for Deliberative Democracy? Front. Polit. Sci, 2. https://acortar.link/8jTNcx

Derenne, Benoît et al. (2 de noviembre de 2011). G1000 Manifesto. Eurozine. https://acortar.link/bAXfZg

Dryzek, John S. (2001). Legitimancy and economy in deliberative democracy. Political Theory, 29 (5), 651-669. https://doi.org/10.1177/0090591701029005003

Elster, Jon (1995). Forces and mechanisms in the constitution-making process. Duke Law Journal, 45 (2), 364-396. https://doi.org/10.2307/1372906

Farrell, David M.; O´Maley, Eoin y Suiter, Jane (2013). Deliberative Democracy in Action Irish-style: The 2011 We the Citizens Pilot Citizens’ Assembly. Irish Political Studies, 28 (1), 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1080/07907184.2012.745274

Fishkin, James (2009). When the people speak: deliberative democracy and public consultation. Oxford University Press.

García Guitián, E. (2016). Democracia digital. Discursos sobre participación ciudadana y TIC. Revista de Estudios Políticos, 173, 169-193. http://dx.doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rep.173.05

Gargarella, Roberto (2019). De la democracia participativa a la deliberación inclusiva: “minipúblicos”, loterías y Constituciones elaboradas por la ciudadanía (crowdsourced constitutions). Comentarios muy preliminares. Revista del Centro de Estudios Constitucionales, 5 (9), 39-63. https://acortar.link/PI152R

G1000 (2012). Final Report: Democratic Innovation in Practice. G1000. https://acortar.link/TtaJBw

Goethals, Maarten (11 de junio de 2011). Burgerinitiatief rond David Van Reybrouck moet Belgische politiek hervomen. De Standaard. https://acortar.link/5ss0Ls

Goodrick, Delwyn (2014). Estudios de casos comparativos. Síntesis metodológicas. Evaluación de impacto, 9, 1-18. https://acortar.link/poz3uB

Habermas, Jürgen (1998). Facticidad y validez. Trotta.

Held, David (2007). Modelos de democracia (3a ed.). Alianza.

Heller, P. y TM Thomas Isaac (2003). Democracy and Development: Decentralized Planning in Kerala. En: Fung, Archon y Wright, Erik Olin (cords.). Deepening Democracy: Institutional Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance (pp. 77-110). Verso.

Jacquet, Vincent et al. (2016). The Macro Political Uptake of the G1000 in Belgium. En Reuchamps, Min y Suiter, Jane (eds.). Constitutional Deliberative Democracy in Europe (pp. 53-73). ECPR Press.

Jacquet, Vincent y Reuchamps, Min (2018). Who wants to pay for deliberative democracy? The crowdfunders of the G1000 in Belgium. European Political Science Review, 10 (1), 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755773916000163

Lafont, Cristina (2015). Deliberation, Participation and Democratic Legitimacy: Should Deliberative Mini-publics Shape Public Policy? Journal of Political Philosophy, 23 (1), 40-63. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12031

Macpherson, C. B (1982). La democracia liberal y su época. Alianza.

Michels, Ank y Binnema, Harmen (2018). Deepening and Connecting Democratic Processes. The Opportunities and Pitfalls of Mini-Publics in Renewing Democracy. Social Sciences, 7 (11), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7110236

Mouffe, Chantal (2011). En torno a lo político. Fondo de cultura económica.

Mouton, Olivier (10 de junio de 2011). Un G1000 pour sortir de la crise. Le Soir. https://www.lesoir.be/

Navarro, Fernando (2017). El G1000 de Madrid: un ejemplo de sorteo y deliberación como complemento de la representación. Recerca, revista de pensament i anàlisi, 21, 151-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/Recerca.2017.21.9

OECD. (2020). Innovative citizen participation and new democratic institutions: Catching the deliberative wave—Highlights 2020. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/

OIDP (s.f.). El Modelo de Ostbelgien: un Consejo Ciudadano a largo plazo combinado con Asambleas Ciudadanas a corto plazo. https://acortar.link/sMxf8Z

Oireachtas (10 de julio de 2012). Constitutional Convention: Motion. Dáil Éireann debate, vol. 772, n. 1. https://acortar.link/ibZ93n

Pourtois, H. (2013). Mini-publics et démocratie deliberative. Politique et Sociétés, 32 (1), 21-41. https://doi.org/10.7202/1018719ar

Programme for Government (2011). Government for National Recovery 2011-2016. https://acortar.link/5CokEd

Programme for Government (2016). A programme for a partnership government. https://acortar.link/8rn3cJ

Reuchamps, Min et al., (2017). Le G1000: une expérience citoyenne de démocratie délibérative. Dans Courrier hebdomadaire du CRISP, 19-20 (2344-2345), 5-104. https://doi.org/10.3917/cris.2344.0005

Romero Algora, Álvaro (2021). Experiencias de presupuestos participativos en España ante la Covid-19. Rurali: Revista interdisciplinar en estudios rurales, 1 (2), 36-53. https://doi.org/10.7203/Rurali.1.2.20491

Sampedro Blanco, Víctor F.; Sánchez Duarte, José Manuel y Poletti, Monica (2013). Ciudadanía y tecnopolítica electoral. Ideales y límites burocráticos a la participación digital. Co-herencia: revista de humanidades, 10 (18), 105-136. https://doi.org/10.17230/co-herencia.10.18.4

Seijas Villadangos, Esther (2012). Irlanda: reforma constitucional versus convención constitucional. Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, 30, 411-432. https://doi.org/10.5944/trc.30.2012.7014

Seijas Villadangos, Esther (2016). Constitucionalismo tridimensional (globalización, privatización y burocratización): la regeneración democrática a través de consultas autonómicas y convenciones estatutarias. En: Tur Ausina, Rosario (Dir.). Poderes públicos y privados ante la regeneración constitucional democrática (pp. 189-216). Dykinson.

Seijas Villadangos, Esther (2018). Ciudadanos y constituciones: la participación popular en el proyecto de reforma de la constitución según la Convención Constitucional Irlandesa. En: Castellà Andreu, Josep Ma. (Coord.). Parlamento, ciudadanos y entes territoriales ante la reforma constitucional ¿Quién y cómo participa? (pp. 123-148). Tirant lo Blanch.

Setälä, M. (2021) Advisory, Collaborative and Scrutinizing Roles of Deliberative Mini-Publics. Front. Polit. Sci, 2, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2020.591844

Sierra Caballero, Francisco (2021). El retorno a Atenas: Democracia participativa y cultura digital. En Adoración Guamán, Carol Proner y Gisele Ribocom (Eds.). Lex Mercatoria, derechos humanos y democracia (pp. 339-373). CLACSO.

Sintomer, Yves (2017). Sorteo y política: ¿de la democracia radical a la democracia deliberativa? Daimon. Revista Internacional de Filosofía, 72, 25-43. https://doi.org/10.6018/daimon/295531

Smith, Graham y Setälä, Maija (2018). Mini-Publics and Deliberative Democracy. En Bächtiger, Andre et al. The Oxford Handbook of Deliberative Democracy (pp. 300-314). Oxford University Press.

Suiter, Jane y Reuchamps, Min (2016). A Constitutional Turn for Deliberative Democracy in Europe? En Reuchamps, Min y Suiter, Jane (eds.). Constitutional Deliberative Democracy in Europe (pp. 1-13). ECPR Press.

Tejedor Fuentes, Laura y Paget, Vanessa (2016). La iniciativa belga “G1000”. Un posible modelo de ciberdemocracia deliberativa. Doxa Comunicación: revista interdisciplinar de estudios de comunicación y ciencias sociales, 23, 101-129. https://doi.org/10.31921/doxacom.n23a4

The Citizens´ Assembly (2021). Report of the Citizens´ Assembly on Gender Equality. https://www.citizensassembly.ie/

The Citizens´ Assembly (2022a). Citizens' Assemblies 2022. https://www.citizensassembly.ie/en/

The Citizens´ Assembly [@CitizAssembly]. (3 de marzo de 2022b). Today, 34,000 exclusive invitations from the Taoiseach, @MichealMartinTD to participate in two new Assemblies on Biodiversity Loss and a Directly Elected Mayor for Dublin begin arriving to homes across Irish cities, towns, villages and island communities. [Tweet]. Twitter. https://acortar.link/F7NzoB

Van Reybrouck, David (2017). Contra las elecciones. Taurus

We the Citizens (2011). Final Report: Participatory Democracy in Action - A Pilot. We the Citizens. https://acortar.link/AFPe2T