Dependencia y externalización tecnológica en las innovaciones periodísticas de los medios españoles (2014-2021)

Félix Arias-Robles; José María Valero-Pastor; Miguel Carvajal

doi:10.31921/doxacom.n37a1834

Authors

Félix Arias-Robles University Miguel Hernández, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5910-1541
José María Valero-Pastor University Miguel Hernández, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6210-2761
Miguel Carvajal University Miguel Hernández, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6547-6171

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31921/doxacom.n37a1834

Keywords:

Technology, innovation, journalism, platformization, media ecology

Abstract

Journalism and technology have always gone hand in hand, but the growth of technological progress and the resulting fascination have led to a lack of critical perspective. This study combines quantitative and qualitative methodologies to shed light on this intersection, with innovation at its core. First, the most prominent news organizations in the Spanish ecosystem in recent years (2014-2021) were identified. Next, all the innovations they implemented during that period were tracked. Lastly, the weight of technology in their innovations was analyzed using three variables: creator, change over time, and the nature of the organizations. The results reveal that approximately two-thirds of the innovations implemented are linked to technology, thereby corroborating its importance for progress in journalism. However, the results also confirm the existence of many initiatives independent of technological progress, particularly in the organizational sphere. In terms of the creators, third-party technologies predominate, with a spike in 2020 in response to the health crisis. These findings allow us to delve into the correlation between technological innovation, the social context and the reliance on big tech.

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Author Biographies

Félix Arias-Robles, University Miguel Hernández, Spain

Associate Professor, Vice Dean of the Degree in Journalism and Deputy Director of the Master's Degree in Innovation in Journalism at Miguel Hernández University (UMH), where he also coordinates modules on technology, new narratives, data journalism and social media. His research now focuses on the intersection between artificial intelligence, data journalism and local information. He has published in journals such as Journalism Studies, Journalism Practice, El Profesional de la Información and The Journal of Media Innovations. He has been a visiting professor at the School of Journalism at the University of Sheffield and the University of Leeds (UK), and has trained journalists from groups such as La Voz de Galicia, Vocento and Onda Regional. He also coordinates the projects periodistasdedatos.com and localdatalab.umh.es. He holds a PhD in New Journalistic Models from UMH (2015), a Master's Degree in Journalism Research from Universidad Complutense de Madrid (2011) and a Bachelor's Degree in Journalism from UMH (2010).
José María Valero-Pastor, University Miguel Hernández, Spain

Journalism professor at the Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH). He holds a PhD in Social and Legal Sciences and a Master's degree in Journalism Innovation, and his research focuses on journalism innovation, particularly from an organizational perspective. He has published scientific works in various impactful journals such as Journalism Studies, Journalism Practice, El Profesional de la Información, and Revista Latina de Comunicación, among others, and in prestigious publishing houses such as Routledge. He has been a visiting researcher at CEU San Pablo (Madrid) and Fordham University (New York). Currently, he is working on the international project Journalism Innovations in Democratic Societies and is part of the European project on disinformation Iberifier. He teaches courses on journalism entrepreneurship and writing in the Journalism Bachelor's degree program, and coordinates the Advanced Web Design module in the Journalism Innovation Master's degree program at Miguel Hernández University.
Miguel Carvajal, University Miguel Hernández, Spain

Associate Professor at the Miguel Hernández University (UMH). He holds a PhD in Communication from the University of Navarra (2006) and currently leads the Master's programme in Innovation in Journalism at the UMH. His research career has focused on the transformation of journalism and its industry, with particular emphasis on innovation processes and the pursuit of sustainable business models. Over the years, he has published more than 50 scientific papers in various high-impact journals, such as Digital Journalism, Journalism Studies, Journalism Practice, El Profesional de la Información, and Revista Latina de Comunicación. In 2010, he was a visiting research fellow at the Donald McGannon Centre at Fordham University (New York), during a stay funded by the José Castillejo Programme. He has been awarded two CNEAI research periods (2007-2012, 2013-2018) and one transfer period (2013-2018). He has been part of the team for eight research projects funded by national (4) and European (4) public institutions. Currently, he leads the Journalism Research Group at the UMH.

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