Colectivos vulnerables y desinformación. Análisis de la realidad andaluza

María Francisca  Montiel Torres; Laura Teruel Rodríguez; Livia García-Faroldi; Francisco Marcos  Martín-Martín

doi:10.31921/doxacom.n41a2902

Authors

María Francisca Montiel Torres University of Malaga https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8486-1947
Laura Teruel Rodríguez University of Malaga https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7575-8401
Livia García-Faroldi University of Malaga
Francisco Marcos Martín-Martín University of Malaga https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3501-2442

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31921/doxacom.n41a2902

Keywords:

Disinformation, vulnerable groups, sociodemographic variables, Andalusia, media literacy

Abstract

This paper analyses vulnerability to disinformation in Andalusia, Spain, considering sociodemographic factors (sex, age, educational level, and income) and news consumption patterns, based on a survey conducted in 2023 (1,550 participants). The results highlight the influence of age, educational level, and income on the perception of disinformation. Young people (15-24 years old) admit to greater difficulty identifying it, while the over-75s show greater confidence. Women claim greater skill in detecting it than men do. Regarding news consumption, the young predominantly turn to social media (92%), while older people prefer television and, to a lesser degree, print media. Although social media are seen as the main generators of disinformation (80%), even by those who most consume them, traditional media are also seen as bearing responsibility (60%). The preference for television in Andalusia is significantly higher than the national average. The study highlights the importance of print versus digital media consumption in the fight against disinformation, emphasizing its ability to build trust and minimize the impact of information disorders. The study concludes that media literacy is essential to address these issues.

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Author Biographies

María Francisca Montiel Torres, University of Malaga

PhD candidate in Education and Communication at the University of Málaga. Her thesis research focuses on data journalism, disinformation and its impact on citizens, and fact-checking initiatives based on their sex/gender dimensions. She is a graduate in Science (Mathematics) from the University of Málaga. She has completed doctoral courses with research proficiency in the Information and Communications Technology program, as well as specialised courses in High-Level Languages and Computer Programming. She holds the Certificate of Teaching Aptitude (CAP) and qualified in Primary Education at the University of Málaga.
Laura Teruel Rodríguez, University of Malaga

Senior Lecturer in Journalism in the Department of Journalism at the University of Málaga. She is currently Vice-Dean of Students, Mobility, Equality, and Well-being at the Faculty of Communication Sciences. She has participated in six competitive national research projects and two European COST initiatives, around which she has focused her academic work. She is currently the Principal Investigator of the Excellence Project “Impact of disinformation in Andalusia: cross-sectional analysis of audiences, and journalistic routines and agendas. DisinfoAND” (ProyExcel_00143, PAIDI 2020) together with Livia García Faroldi. Based on that project, they edited the book “The media faced with disinformation: artificial intelligence, hate speech, conspiracy theories, and fact-checking.” She also recently coordinated the collective monograph “Disinformation and political communication: An Ibero-American vision in a new technological era” at Tirant Lo Blanch. Her areas of research include political journalism, disinformation, polarisation, and social media. She is a regular participant in programs on political and social analysis on several national, regional, and local media outlets.
Livia García-Faroldi, University of Malaga

Senior Lecturer in Sociology at the University of Málaga. Her research focuses on public opinion, using both national and international surveys. She has studied support for the European integration process, how that support interacts with different political identities, and how anti-European discourse is linked to xenophobia. Her most recent lines of research analyse the digital divide in political participation, as well as public opinion regarding fake news and the spread of disinformation among citizens. She directs, together with Laura Teruel, the Excellence Project “Impact of disinformation in Andalusia: cross-sectional analysis of audiences and journalistic routines and agendas. DisinfoAND” (ProyExcel_00143, PAIDI 2020).
Francisco Marcos Martín-Martín, University of Malaga

Professor in the Department of Journalism at the University of Málaga. He holds a PhD in Communication and a degree in Journalism. He has completed a master’s degree and two postgraduate degrees in Communication and Audiovisual Education. He has participated in 21 research projects, including 8 funded by national R&D programs and 14 within the Erasmus+ framework. Principle among these projects are DESINFOPER and DesinfoAND, which focus on disinformation, as well as European initiatives on the digital inclusion of older adults. His research focuses on media literacy, disinformation, and artificial intelligence in the context of educational communication.

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